When buying a car, the sales consultant usually mentions the mute effect of the car, and most car advertisements also publicize that "XX car has undergone dozens of nhv upgrades, which can bring a quiet ride feeling".

NVH可以說(shuō)是一個(gè)汽車術(shù)語(yǔ)，它是“Noise Vibration Harshness”的縮寫(xiě)，即噪聲、振動(dòng)、聲振粗糙度。

NVH can be said to be an automobile professional term, which is the abbreviation of "noise vibration harshness", that is, noise, vibration and sound vibration roughness.

之所以在工程領(lǐng)域總是將震動(dòng)與噪聲綜合在一起講，是因?yàn)槁曇艨偸前殡S著震動(dòng)而來(lái)。聲音是由物體震動(dòng)而產(chǎn)生的聲波，并通過(guò)媒介（固體、液體或氣體等，比如鋼鐵、水和空氣）傳播。而人耳能聽(tīng)得到的聲波范圍在20Hz-20kHz，低于或者高于這個(gè)范圍的聲波，人耳都是無(wú)法識(shí)別出來(lái)的。

The reason why vibration and noise are always combined in the engineering field is that sound always comes with vibration. Sound is a sound wave generated by the vibration of an object and transmitted through a medium (solid, liquid or gas, such as steel, water and air). The range of sound waves that can be heard by the human ear is 20Hz-20KHz. The human ear cannot recognize the sound waves lower or higher than this range.

優(yōu)美的旋律音樂(lè)會(huì)讓人心情舒暢，相反的人要是長(zhǎng)期在吵雜的噪音中會(huì)帶來(lái)很多負(fù)面影響。醫(yī)學(xué)家研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，噪音會(huì)嚴(yán)重影響人們的睡眠質(zhì)量，并會(huì)導(dǎo)致頭暈、頭痛、、多夢(mèng)、記憶力減退、注意力不集中等神經(jīng)衰弱癥狀和惡心、欲吐、胃痛、腹脹、食欲呆滯等消化道癥狀。它還有害于人的心血管系統(tǒng)，我國(guó)對(duì)城市噪音與居民健康的調(diào)查表明，環(huán)境噪音每上升一分貝, 高血壓發(fā)病率就增加3%。

The beautiful melody concert makes people feel comfortable. On the contrary, if people are in the noisy noise for a long time, it will bring a lot of negative effects. Medical experts have found that noise will seriously affect people's sleep quality, and lead to neurasthenia symptoms such as dizziness, headache, insomnia, dreaminess, memory loss and inattention, as well as gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, abdominal distension and dull appetite. It also has a harmful effect on the cardiovascular system of people. Our survey of city noise and residents' health shows that the incidence rate of hypertension increases by 3% per environmental noise.

所以，足夠安靜的駕乘環(huán)境才會(huì)帶來(lái)更舒適的乘坐體驗(yàn)。也因此，如今不論是高檔豪華轎車還是普通家用轎車，都在強(qiáng)調(diào)車內(nèi)噪音大小。但是，車內(nèi)真是越安靜越好嗎？

Therefore, a sufficiently quiet driving environment will bring a more comfortable riding experience. Therefore, nowadays, both high-end luxury cars and ordinary family cars are emphasizing the noise level in the car. But is it true that the quieter the car, the better?

其實(shí)，在很多汽車工程師看來(lái)并非如此。

In fact, many automotive engineers do not think so.

，人們不能試圖徹底噪聲和振動(dòng)。

First of all, people try to eliminate noise and vibration completely.

我們知道，汽車的動(dòng)力源于發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)，并更終傳遞到車輪上，輪胎克服路面摩擦從而推動(dòng)汽車前進(jìn)。

We know that the power of the car comes from the engine and is finally transmitted to the wheels. The tires overcome the friction on the road and push the car forward.

所以，一輛汽車的振動(dòng)來(lái)源就有很多，不僅有發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)、變速箱等運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)產(chǎn)生的振動(dòng)，也有輪胎與路面摩擦、經(jīng)過(guò)坑洼路面時(shí)產(chǎn)生的振動(dòng)，而這些振動(dòng)都將產(chǎn)生噪音。此外，還有風(fēng)噪、零部件之間的碰撞、空調(diào)出風(fēng)口、電路的電流聲等，都是一輛車的噪音來(lái)源。

Therefore, there are many sources of vibration of a car, not only the vibration generated by the operation of the engine and gearbox, but also the vibration generated by the friction between the tire and the road and when passing through the pothole Road, and these vibrations will produce noise. In addition, there are wind noise, collision between parts, air conditioning outlets, current sound of circuits, etc., which are all the noise sources of a car.

其次，駕駛員所需要的很多反饋都來(lái)源于噪音和振動(dòng)。

Secondly, much of the feedback that drivers need comes from noise and vibration.

在開(kāi)車的過(guò)程中，駕駛員需要收集各種路況反饋信息，這些信息的主要形式無(wú)外乎聲音，振動(dòng)，視覺(jué)信息三類。而徹底消音就意味著駕駛員聽(tīng)不到其他車的鳴笛聲、發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)或變速箱產(chǎn)生的異響聲、輪胎虧氣造成的摩擦聲、輪胎與地面接觸產(chǎn)生的沖擊聲。而路面振動(dòng)又會(huì)通過(guò)轉(zhuǎn)向系統(tǒng)回饋到駕駛員的手上，駕駛員除了會(huì)感受到這些振動(dòng)，它們產(chǎn)生的聲波也會(huì)傳遞到駕駛員的耳朵里。

In the process of driving, drivers need to collect various road condition feedback information. The main forms of this information are sound, vibration and visual information. Complete silencing means that the driver cannot hear the whistle of other vehicles, the abnormal sound generated by the engine or gearbox, the friction sound caused by tire air loss, and the impact sound caused by tire contact with the ground. The road vibration will be fed back to the driver's hand through the steering system. In addition to feeling these vibrations, the sound waves generated by them will also be transmitted to the driver's ears.

同時(shí)，路感對(duì)駕駛員也很重要。假如振動(dòng)徹底被抑制，方向盤沒(méi)有把路面信息反饋給駕駛員，汽車的駕駛品質(zhì)也就無(wú)從談起了。

At the same time, the road feel is also very important to the driver. If the vibration is completely suppressed and the steering wheel does not feed back the road information to the driver, the driving quality of the car will be out of the question.

此外，噪聲振動(dòng)品質(zhì)過(guò)分的好，風(fēng)噪胎噪抑制的過(guò)分的好，會(huì)讓人喪失對(duì)車速的感覺(jué)。如果你開(kāi)車到200km/h以上時(shí)，還像你坐在家里沙發(fā)一樣安靜，會(huì)讓人在充分安逸的狀態(tài)下開(kāi)車，此時(shí)很可能就不認(rèn)為自己在超速，而時(shí)間久了還會(huì)讓人犯困，這就是一種極度危險(xiǎn)的狀態(tài)了。

In addition, if the quality of noise and vibration is too good, and the suppression of wind noise and tire noise is too good, people will lose the feeling of speed. If you drive more than 200km / h and are as quiet as you are sitting on the sofa at home, it will make people drive in a fully comfortable state. At this time, you may not think you are speeding, and it will make people sleepy after a long time. This is an extremely dangerous state.

，太過(guò)分的安靜也會(huì)讓人感到壓抑。

Finally, too much silence can also make people feel depressed.

俗話說(shuō)“沉默是金”，但如果人待在過(guò)分安靜的環(huán)境里，卻會(huì)讓人無(wú)法忍受。

As the saying goes, "silence is golden", but if people stay in an excessively quiet environment, it will be unbearable.

美國(guó)一間“消音室”的建造者奧菲爾德說(shuō)：“在安靜的環(huán)境下，耳朵會(huì)逐漸適應(yīng)。屋子里越安靜，耳朵聽(tīng)到的東西越多。你會(huì)聽(tīng)到心臟的跳動(dòng)，甚可以聽(tīng)到你的肺和胃發(fā)出咕嚕聲。在消音室，你自己變成了噪音。”他說(shuō)，在這種靜室中，很容易令人迷失方向，時(shí)間久了還會(huì)令人產(chǎn)生幻覺(jué)。

"In a quiet environment, the ear will gradually adapt. The quieter the room is, the more things the ear hears. You will hear the beating of your heart and even the grunting of your lungs and stomach. In the anechoic room, you become noise." He said that in this kind of quiet room, it is easy to lose direction and hallucinate over time.