The main function of automobile body is to maintain the driver and to form a good aerodynamic environment. The structure of automobile body can be divided into non-load-bearing, load-bearing and semi-load-bearing. The automobile body components include launching hood, roof cover, suitcase cover, wing plate, front panel, etc.

　　發(fā)起機(jī)蓋：發(fā)起機(jī)蓋的在構(gòu)造上普通由外板和內(nèi)板組成，中間夾以隔熱資料，內(nèi)板起到加強(qiáng)剛性的作用，其幾何外形由廠家選取，根本上是骨架方式。發(fā)起機(jī)蓋開(kāi)啟時(shí)普通是向后翻轉(zhuǎn)，也有小局部是向前翻轉(zhuǎn)。

　　Initiator cover: Initiator cover is generally composed of outer and inner plates in structure, with heat insulation material clamped in the middle. Inner plate plays a role in strengthening rigidity. Its geometric shape is chosen by the manufacturer, and it is basically a skeleton way. When the engine cover is opened, it is usually turned backward, and a small part is turned forward.

　　車(chē)頂蓋：車(chē)廂頂部的蓋板。關(guān)于轎車(chē)車(chē)身的總體剛度而言，頂蓋不是很重要的部件，這也是允許在車(chē)頂蓋上開(kāi)設(shè)天窗的理由。從設(shè)計(jì)角度來(lái)講，重要的是它如何與前、后窗框及與支柱接壤點(diǎn)平順過(guò)渡，以求得好的視覺(jué)感和小的空氣阻力。當(dāng)然，為了平安車(chē)頂蓋還應(yīng)有一定的強(qiáng)度和剛度，普通在頂蓋下增加一定數(shù)量的增強(qiáng)梁，頂蓋內(nèi)層敷設(shè)絕熱襯墊資料，以阻止外界溫度的傳導(dǎo)及減少振動(dòng)時(shí)噪聲的傳送。

　　Roof cover: The top cover of the carriage. As far as the overall stiffness of car body is concerned, the roof cover is not a very important component, which is also the reason why the roof cover is allowed to have a skylight. From the design point of view, it is important how it smoothly transits with the front and rear window frames and the contact points with the pillars in order to obtain the best visual sense and minimum air resistance. Of course, for the sake of safety, the roof cover should also have certain strength and stiffness. Generally, a certain number of reinforced beams are added under the roof cover. Inside the roof cover, insulation cushion is laid to prevent the transmission of external temperature and reduce the transmission of noise when vibration occurs.

　　行李箱蓋：行李箱蓋也有外板和內(nèi)板，內(nèi)板有增強(qiáng)筋。一些被稱(chēng)為“二廂半”的轎車(chē)，其行李箱向上延伸，包括后檔風(fēng)玻璃在內(nèi)，使開(kāi)啟面積增加，構(gòu)成一個(gè)門(mén)，因而又稱(chēng)為背門(mén)，這樣既堅(jiān)持一種三廂車(chē)外形又可以便當(dāng)寄存物品。

　　Luggage cover: Luggage cover also has outer and inner panels, and inner panels have reinforcing ribs. Some cars called "two-and-a-half compartments" extend their suitcases upwards, including the rear windshield, which increases the opening area and forms a door, so they are also called back doors, which not only adhere to the shape of a three-compartment car, but also can be used as deposits.

　　翼子板：翼子板是遮蓋車(chē)輪的車(chē)身外板，因舊式車(chē)身該部件外形及位置似鳥(niǎo)翼而得名。依照裝置位置又分為前翼子板和后翼子板，前翼子板裝置在前輪處，因而必需要保證前輪轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)及跳動(dòng)時(shí)的大極限空間，然后翼子板無(wú)車(chē)輪轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)碰擦的問(wèn)題，但出于空氣動(dòng)力學(xué)的思索，后翼子板略顯拱形弧線向外凸出。當(dāng)前有些轎車(chē)翼子板已與車(chē)身本體成為一個(gè)整體。

　　Wingspan: Wingspan is the body outer panel covering the wheels. It is named for the shape and position of the old-style body parts like bird wings. According to the location of the device, the front fender is divided into front fender and rear fender. The front fender is installed at the front wheel. Therefore, the maximum limit space of front wheel rotation and jump must be guaranteed. Then the fender has no wheel rubbing problem. However, due to aerodynamic considerations, the rear fender shows a slightly arch curve protruding outward. At present, some car wing panels have become a whole with the body.

　　前圍板：前圍板是指發(fā)起機(jī)艙與車(chē)廂之間的隔板，它和地板、前立柱聯(lián)接，裝置汽車(chē)車(chē)身，在前圍上蓋板之下。前圍板上有許多孔口，作為支配用的拉線、拉桿、管路和電線束經(jīng)過(guò)之用，還要配合踏板、方問(wèn)機(jī)柱等機(jī)件裝置位置。

　　Front panel: The front panel refers to the partition between the engine room and the carriage, which is connected with the floor and the front column, and fits the car body under the upper cover of the front panel. There are many orifices on the front panel, which are used as the dominant pull wire, tie rod, pipeline and wire harness, as well as the position of pedals, square machine pillars and other parts.